Parameters
Look up starting weld settings or pick a filler metal classification.
Weld Settings
Select your process, then material, then thickness to get recommended starting parameters.
Filler Metal Selector
Select your base material and welding process to see recommended filler metal classifications.
Guides
Process setup, defect troubleshooting, and AI-assisted inspection.
Process Guide
Transfer modes, gas selection, wire/electrode types, and step-by-step setup checklists.
Troubleshooting
Common weld defects,causes, corrective actions, applicable processes, and code references.
AI Weld Inspector
Photograph a weld and get a CWI-level visual inspection report,discontinuities, severity, code references, root causes, and corrective actions.
Tap to photograph the weld
Clear, well-lit close-up gives the best results
Calculators
Day-to-day calculators for welders, fitters, and estimators. Heat input, fillet sizing, deposition, weld weight, productivity & cost, metal weight, gas flow.
Heat Input
HI = (Amps × Volts × 60) ÷ (Travel Speed × 1000)
Carbon Equivalent & Preheat
CEIIW = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15Pcm = C + Si/30 + (Mn+Cu+Cr)/20 + Ni/60 + Mo/15 + V/10 + 5B
Enter weight % from the mill cert. Leave unknown elements at 0. Use IIW for plain carbon and C-Mn steels; Pcm for HSLA / low-C steels.
Minimum Fillet Weld Size
Per AWS D1.1 Table 6.1,based on thicker base metal thickness
Wire Deposition Rate
lb/in = (π/4) × d² × density × wireFactor → lb/hr = lb/in × WFS × 60 × processEff
Pick the wire material first,density drives the entire calculation. Steel (0.2836 lb/in³), stainless (0.289), aluminum (0.0975), and nickel-based wires all give very different lb/hr at the same wire feed speed.
Duty Cycle
Actual DC% = (Rated A² × Rated DC%) ÷ Desired A²
Weld Weight
Weight (lb) = Joint Cross-Section Area × Weld Length × Material Density
Pipe Circumference
Circumference = π × OD | Mean Weld Circ. = π × (OD − Wall)
Select NPS and schedule for standard pipe, or enter a custom OD and wall thickness.
Interpass Temperature Reference
Maximum interpass temperatures by material
| Material | Max Interpass | Reason |
| Carbon Steel (mild) | 500–600°F | Prevent grain growth / toughness loss |
| Austenitic SS (304, 316) | 350°F max | Prevent carbide precipitation / sensitization |
| Aluminum | 250°F max | Prevent collapse and liquation cracking |
| Chrome-Moly (P11, P22) | 400–600°F (per WPS) | Maintain microstructure, reduce cracking risk |
| HSLA (A514) | 400°F max | Prevent yield strength loss in HAZ |
Productivity & Cost Estimator
Cost / ft = Labor / (S × OF) + (J × wire $/lb) / E + Gas $/hr / S
Mirrors the standard weld-cost worksheet: travel speed drives arc time, non-welding time drives operator factor, filler is counted as consumed (deposited ÷ process efficiency). Per-foot and per-part totals shown in $ and ¢.
Metal Weight Calculator
Volume × density × quantity → total weight
Pick a shape and material,works for plate, bar, tube, and sheet stock used for weldments.
Shielding Gas Consumption
Cu ft = cfh × (arc minutes ÷ 60)
Estimate gas burn per job and how many bottles you'll go through.
Reference
Code lookups, materials, inspection methods, metallurgy, and glossary.
Welding Codes & Standards
AWS D1.1 navigator, F / P / A numbers (ASME IX), AWS D1.1 base-metal groups, joint classifications and geometry, and ASME IX WPS / PQR qualification rules. Section numbers are cited; the standards remain the authoritative reference.
Material Cross-Reference
ASTM / ASME / EN / JIS grade equivalents for structural steel, stainless, and pressure vessel materials.
Inspection,NDT & DT
Non-destructive (VT, PT, MT, RT, UT, PAUT, TOFD, ET, AE, leak, hardness) and destructive (TT, GBT, CVN, HT, ME, FBT, NBT, AET) test methods. Acceptance criteria per AWS D1.1, ASME Section V/IX, and ASTM E8/A370.
Metallurgy
HAZ subzones, carbon-equivalent formulas (IIW, Pcm, Yurioka), preheat methods, PWHT guidance by P-number, and 8 cracking mechanisms with prevention strategies.
Welding Glossary
Common welding abbreviations and terminology. Tap a term for its definition.
Weld Symbols
Build, look up, or photograph weld symbols per AWS A2.4 / ASME IX.
Weld Symbols
Interactive symbol builder per AWS A2.4. Select weld type, side, dimensions, and supplementary symbols,the drawing updates live.
Symbol Builder
Geometry
Dimensions
Supplementary
Finish & Tail
Operation 2 (upper reference line)
Geometry
Dimensions
Supplementary
Finish & Tail
Live Symbol Preview
Symbol Anatomy
Quick Reference: Common Weld Types
Supplementary Symbols (AWS A2.4)
Finish Symbols
Dimension & Position Rules
AI Symbol Analyzer
Photograph or upload a weld symbol drawing and get an instant interpretation per AWS A2.4,weld type, dimensions, side, process, and plain-English description.
Tap to take photo or upload drawing
Works with photos, screenshots, PDFs, and CAD prints
Settings
Personalize the app,preferences are saved to this device only.
Appearance
Calculator defaults
AI features
Used by Symbol Analyzer and Weld Inspector. Your key is stored only in this browser and sent directly to Anthropic.
App cache
If something looks stuck on an old version, clear the cache and reload.
About
- Version
- –
- Environment
- –
- Storage
- This device only. Nothing is uploaded.
- Contact
- willruboyianes@gmail.com
WeldRef is a mobile-first welding reference PWA for welders, fabricators, and inspectors. Offline-capable, privacy-first, no tracking.
Sources: AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code, AWS A2.4 Symbols, AWS A5.x filler-metal specs, ASME Section IX, API 1104, and public engineering reference materials.
Trademarks: WeldRef is not affiliated with or endorsed by any filler-metal or equipment manufacturer. AWS classification codes (e.g., ER70S-6, E71T-1C) are public industry standards. Manufacturer trademarks referenced elsewhere are property of their respective owners.
Privacy
WeldRef is a client-side reference tool. There is no account system and no backend collecting your data.
- Anthropic API key: stored only in your browser's
localStorage. Never transmitted to WeldRef servers. Clear it any time with the Clear button above. - Images you analyze: sent directly from your browser to Anthropic's API (
api.anthropic.com). WeldRef never receives them. - Analytics: Cloudflare Web Analytics on the production site. Cookieless, anonymous, no cross-site tracking.
- Error reporting: Sentry may capture anonymized JavaScript errors (stack traces, browser version) to improve stability. No user input is included.
- No cookies are set by WeldRef itself.
Terms of Use
- WeldRef is provided AS-IS with no warranty of accuracy, fitness for purpose, or non-infringement.
- Parameters, filler recommendations, symbol interpretations, and AI inspection output are advisory only. They do not replace the judgment of a qualified welding engineer or certified weld inspector (CWI).
- You are responsible for verifying all output against the applicable welding code (AWS D1.1, ASME Section IX, API 1104, or other governing standard) before applying it to production work.
- Weld failures can cause property damage, injury, or death. The author(s) of WeldRef accept no liability for outcomes resulting from use of this tool.
- By using WeldRef you agree to these terms.
Reset
Clears all WeldRef preferences (theme, density, units, motion). Does not clear your AI key. Use Clear above for that.